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Archive for the ‘Crime’ Category

Reading news from India, last few weeks was a real pain. It was embarrassing to read that Delhi has witnessed as many as 25 cases of rape and 42 cases of molestation. Are we still living in a modern India? How modern are we? Every day I can see faces of new monsters. We are still growing economically in single digits but the violence against women is growing consistently in double digits. National Crime Records Bureau reveals a very bleak picture. Only inflation can catch with this tremendous performance!!!

It’s the insensitivity of the general public worries the most. Some time back there was news about a woman in prison. Her crime? She was molested by a politician from the ruling party!!! I thought the law worked in the reverse fashion. Few days ago a lady was maimed for resisting the attack on her dignity. I thought such things only happen only during war (http://zoomview.blogspot.com/2008/08/dark-story-of-war-mass-rape.html). But now I realize for many its war every day. They have to fight each and every step they take outside their homes. There is no guarantee that they will reach back safely. Why can’t our law enforcement agencies give adequate protection in some of the vulnerable areas? There are few areas in Delhi from where such heinous crimes were reported many times but even now we cannot find even a single police check post or even a single policeman doing the rounds.

Most of the cases the victim were alone but it seems that now it doesn’t make any difference. Few weeks back, a gruesome incident was reported from Kerala. A young lady was thrown out of a running train compartment; molested and murdered. Few people who saw this crime didn’t pull the chain to stop the train. Only because it was a night train and they were getting late, they wanted to reach home as early as possible!!! How can we behave like this? Don’t we have any moral standards left with us? Don’t we have any obligations to the society we live in? I wouldn’t mind getting late even by a day (or more) if I could save a life. Will we react in the same cold manner if our daughter, sister or any relative were under attack?

For many of us such incidents has become a routine. We (including me 😦 ) live in continuous denial. We believe that such things happen only in far lands & we are safe. Most of days, I am in my own world. A typical day begins with thoughts of bits & bytes, bugs, performance etc. Every day I drive to office and come back in the same manner. Given an option I would spend all my time with computers, my books, music and such stuff. Just like all others I am also busy. But with such silly excuses am I not hiding from the actual society. Some will say that we pay tax (this year I paid a very bug amount 😦 ) ; it is the duty of the police and government to protect and act against such crimes. Surely I agree with this but paying tax alone won’t help us. We need to raise our voice, take a break from our schedules to make this place safe for our sisters.

Am I an aberration? Am I the only person who thinks like this? Certainly not, there should be thousands of good guys thinking the same way. It doesn’t matter who the victim is, even if they are stranger, as a social being it’s our fundamental duty to protect other lives around us. Today if we don’t react against such crimes then day is not far when these criminals, empowered by our silence, will attack our sisters openly within our own house in front of our eyes (already many such incidents have happened). At that time there will not be a single soul to help us. So please act next time. Even if you get late by few hours it’s worth the effort.

My dear sisters not all of us are criminals there are many good people around. Keep yourself safe. Few days back, one of my friend, whom I like a lot, informed that she was supposed to travel outside India for an official trip. Naturally I was worried a lot about her safety. She may already know a lot of self-defensive techniques even martial arts (Next time I will surely suggest martial arts) but still the world is not so safe. In United States & other such places pepper sprays are very popular. I didn’t hear much talk about sprays in India. But it is not so difficult to get pepper sprays in India.

You can get the spray from the following sites in India.

Different countries have different laws regarding the spray but there is no legal problem in India if it is used for self-defense.

Looking at the situation here in our places, keeping such sprays handy is not such a bad idea.

Let’s act and make this a better place to live.

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Today was just like any other Sundays “late to bed and late to wake up makes a Sunday worth living”.  While skimming through the newspapers an article about an acid attack victim caught my attention. Just like most of us do I paused for a moment and then continued my reading. But the image lingered on my mind throughout the day. The eyes were saying something to me. Did it complain or were there any tears in it? By evening I was quite busy into my technical research but then again the image resurfaced. It created enough ripples in my mind. I googled and the images I found shocked even my soul. I was shocked, such a heinous crime by a human being on another?

BANGLADESH. Dhaka. June 2005.Nobisa Begam. 15 Years old. Photographed three days after acid was thrown in her face for refusing a marriage proposal..(Courtesy bop.nppa.org)

BANGLADESH. Dhaka. June 2005.Nobisa Begam. 15 Years old. Photographed three days after acid was thrown in her face for refusing a marriage proposal..(Courtesy bop.nppa.org)

What should I call these acts of violence? The perpetrators of this violence are they human or devil himself in human form? It is one of the most violent crimes against women. It is not only an act against her dignity, self respect, independence but also against the fundamental principle of humanity on which our civilized society is standing. It is a trauma that these hapless victims have to undergo everyday of their life. Everyday when they look into mirror (those who are still lucky to have their eyes after the attack many were not so luck) the pain they have undergone, the humiliation they have suffered re-surfaces.

Most of the attacks are by husbands or the people known to the victims with a major share from the so called “lovers”. I couldn’t understand how could people throw acid when a woman refuses their proposal? They say they loved and how could someone hurt some body so much? This is not committed in a fit of passion. A lot of planning is required for it. Guys if this has crossed your mind then remember it’s not worth. Love is not about taking by violence it is sacrifice of what you have. Love demands patience and sacrifice and not violence. If you have truly loved someone you will happily give your life for a single smile of your loved ones. Yow will never think about harming in any way. So if you have thought in any other fashion then you can be sure that you never loved. Even the most pure and polite approach might lead to failure but then it shouldn’t drive yourself to this crime against humanity. Pause and look around and see how many smiles, how many hopes you will kill with your action. You may be provoked to your limits but remember life has a lot of things to offer.

Angura. 30 years old, lies with her son and mother on the floor of her ward in the hospital run by the Acid Survivors Foundation in Dhaka. Her husband and another man threw acid on her and then burnt her eyes with a blowtorch after she refused her husband permission to take another woman into their home.(Courtesy bop.nppa.org)

Angura. 30 years old, lies with her son and mother on the floor of her ward in the hospital run by the Acid Survivors Foundation in Dhaka. Her husband and another man threw acid on her and then burnt her eyes with a blowtorch after she refused her husband permission to take another woman into their home.(Courtesy bop.nppa.org)

In some places it is used as a too, to suppress women, to curtail their independence. There were reports of acid attacks on girl student inAfghanistan by the Taliban and its allies. They were against the women education and hence these attacks. Elsewhere in places like Kashmiracids were thrown on women who refused to wear the burkha. There were attacks on women by the jealous employer.  In some part of theIndia acid attack was used to strengthen the evil clutches of casteism.

Such news is always sensational which our media are ever ready to feed on. But after this sensation do we ever think how these people go about their life. The may get big promises of compensation and sympathy but are they fulfilled? Even if sufficient compensation is given how can we compensate the pain, the agony, the shame, the humiliation they have undergone?

How can we prevent this? We cannot stop the supply of acids. This is freely available in markets which even a child can buy for a paltry amount. The need of hour is a quality education with proper emphasize on humanity and its values. Those who commit such heinous crime should get the maximum punishment possible under law. If it was in my power I would have given a death punishment, after treatment in the same fashion an eye for an eye. I would have stoned them to death. I know I may look like a barbaric in my verdict but these crimes are worse form of barbarism.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_throwing

http://zoomview.blogspot.com/2009/12/acid-attacks-by-devils-from-hell.html

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It a long time I wrote something. I couldn’t think of something. I felt as if I have suddenly lost all the inspiration. I wrote couple of poems but couldn’t finish them. Two weeks ago I was leaving the town for one week. I came home late on Sunday. I was supposed to board the train early morning Monday.

I was feeling restless so thought of spending time some time with the Idiot box. I was surfing channels when news about Farmers selling their wives caught my attention. I was shocked. There was an interview about how a mother was forced to sell herself to feed her children. All this happening in India!!!!!!!!  It happened in the India’s heartland in Bundelkhand in UP where the one of the fierce political battles was fought between Rahul Gandhi & Mayawathi during the last election. We talk of record food production & here mothers are forced to sell themselves to feed. What a shame on this civilized world. Why couldn’t our Govt or politicians take note of them? UP government was innovating on new plans to divert tax payer’s money to erect status of the political brass. Why the media has to come up with such exclusives every time before the government wakes up? What is to be so proud of? Godowns full of bumper crops or the tale of fateless farmers who cannot even afford the crops they produce? There is Bundelkhand Divisional Development Corporation (BDDC) which seems to be interested in the development of BSP party only. Where is the congress, the BSP, SP who spoke for hours highlighting the poor farmer’s life to garner more votes? Where are you “the Son’s of soil”. Why they should worry now, they can think about these when the next election comes.

The farmers reportedly sell their women to money lenders at rates ranging between Rs 4,000 – Rs 12,000 with more beautiful faces fetching more. The trade is given a legal approval by using stamp papers!!!!!!! For each stamp paper used Indian Govt. is getting revenue. Government earning revenue by forcing their women folks to sell themselves, shame on you political cattles. Looking at the grave situation they would have got enough revenues to survive next few years. This is a place where every year millions of tones of food grains are lost or damaged in godowns. I have even heard news about how food grains are destroyed so that the prices remain high!!!!

The practice is so common that a book has also been written on the social evil by an activist in the region. However, the administration, generally attempts to suppress such cases just as they deny farm suicides. The protracted drought in Bundelkhand has not only been forcing people to commit suicide but also coercing many to ‘mortgage’ their wives and daughters to moneylenders in a bid to survive.

Many of those who read this may not be aware of the not so shining part of India. We are fortunate enough to have food at least 3 times a day. My heart goes to all those mothers and children.

Couple of decades back our Prime minister said “Jai Jawan, Jai Kissan” (Victory to soldier, Victory to Farmer). There is not much jai left… only the feeble cry of hungry children, the untold story of the horrors the mothers faced.

I want to write more but cannot. Whenever I think of that story my eyes become watery, even now I could feel my wet cheeks. I can’t write more my soul is disturbed….

(Officially in India about 28 % people are below the poverty line but yesterday I read an article according to which if the calorie intake is considered more than 50% of Indians are below poverty line. Even after so many years of Independence if 50% of people are below poverty line, who couldn’t support a wholesome meal then surely it’s the high time we changed our programs in alleviating the downtrodden.)

http://zoomview.blogspot.com/2009/09/welcome-to-bundelkhand-hot-market-for.html

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It is the holocaust of India, the biggest massacre. But nobody is listening. Over 10 million female fetuses may have been aborted in India over the last 20 years!!!!!!
We have heard news about un-born foetus in drains, sacks and all other places. They were the stories of murder in daylight but still it continues.

The methods adopted to kill unwanted children in India are often cold-blooded and cruel.

The ritual is performed by a family member or a professional killer, by swaddling a new-born in a wet cloth or simply giving her a spoonful of paddy grain with milk.

It simply cuts her tender throat, suffocating her to death.

At times, the mother is forced to hire a sweeper for a small sum of 25 -100 rupees to dispose of the child by simply poisoning the baby with the latex of the calitropis plant, or holding her so close to a table that she cannot breath.

In the early 19th century, British colonel Alexander Walker recorded his horror at seeing a mother drowning her newborn girl in a trough of milk in the western Gujarat region.

But now abortion of female foetuses or “female foeticide” has become common with the easy availability of ultrasound sex tests.
It’s an unholy alliance of tradition and technology. Ultrasound was not meant for sex selection.

It is a myth that who seeks to find out the sex of their unborn child is poor, rural and illiterate. We the so called educated savages are in front killing the un-born miracles for no fault of them & only because of their gender!!!!!

The consequence of female infanticide and, more recently, abortion is India’s awkwardly skewed gender ratio, among the most imbalanced in the world. Infanticide is illegal in India (though never prosecuted), and laws are also in place to stop sex- selective abortions. But in some places, national rules don’t hold enough sway to overcome local religious and social customs – which remain biased in favor of sons over daughters.

Campaigners have been trying to alert the government to the potential long-term social impact of the phenomenon, warning that, among other problems, it will make it harder for men to find wives. In China, where a one-child policy is strictly enforced, prenatal sex selection has resulted in an estimated 40 million bachelors.

Technology is simply making it easier to eliminate the girl child. And in a society where the girl itself is seen as a genetic product to be eliminated, this has frightening implications

India stipulates that only a government hospital, registered facility, or medical practitioner with appropriate qualifications may perform an abortion. The reality, however, is that only about 15 percent of all abortions take place under such circumstances, according to the Indian Medical Association. About 11.2 million illegal abortions are performed each year off the record. Such abortions are often “female feticide,” experts say.

In Salem district, for instance, signs posted in towns reinforce the societal message: “Pay 500 rupees and save 50,000 rupees later,” a suggestion that aborting a female fetus now could save a fortune in wedding expenses in the future.

Nearly 60 percent of girls born in Salem District are killed within three days of birth, according to the local social welfare department. That doesn’t count the growing number of abortions there to ensure a girl baby won’t be carried to term.

Amid such stubborn statistics, activists are at work to counter the forces of tradition. A focus of their work: improving the standing and self-image of women themselves.

In pockets of India where female infanticide persists, the practice is rooted in a complex mix of economic, social, and cultural factors. Parents’ preference for a boy derives from the widespread belief that a son lighting his parents’ funeral pyre will ensure that their souls ascend to heaven; that he will be a provider in their later and that he will preserve the family inheritance.

Personally I prefer to be in hell rather than heaven built on the poor souls of my sisters & daughters. How could God give permission to these murderers to enter heaven? A girl or boy both are the divine form of God. Why should we discriminate against each other? By killing the un-born child we are not booking our seat in heaven but securing a free visa to hell.

Trivia
This is not a story of India alone; we can find these dark stories from every continent from every country;
In the case of China, social scientists are talking about a future in which 15 percent of men won’t have wives. According to Asia expert Nicholas Eberstadt, the trend, termed the “marriage squeeze,” is an anthropological phenomenon partly due to China’s “one child” policy that began in 1978 with the intent of slowing growth in the world’s most populous country.
“The world has never before seen the likes of the bride shortage that will be unfolding in China in the decades ahead,” writes Mr. Eberstadt of the American Enterprise Institute, in a recent study, “Power and Population in Asia.”

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Rape of Goa

Goa Education Minister Babush Monserratte’s son Rohit, who allegedly raped a German minor girl, was granted bail on Monday. The mother of the minor had withdrawn the charges against him.

This was the headline in almost all the news channels today. What a shame. The state with such rich culture and tolerance had become the breeding ground of pedophiles and rapists. The state was portrayed as the tourist destination of India, with it cosmopolitan culture soon we had foreign tourist swarming in large numbers. With more publicity came the bad apples, a nexus of drugs, prostitution & sex, the trilogy of destruction, the evils playground.

Dil chahta hai showed Goa in a different light where friends could hang out, part hard & spend some good time together. But now if I say to my family that I am going to Goa they will think twice. The place has earned the reputation of evil. Who is to blame – the administration, locales everybody.  Tourists come to India to see the things which they don’t get in their motherland. Creating another Paris or Bali won’t add anything. They should be treated to the rich culture of the land and not something which they can any where else.

Now going back to the main story. Once gain the money & power wins & truth is defeated. It’s not shocking that the mother had withdrawn her complaint. The agony after the rape which she and her daughter might have undergone would be much worse and brutal than the actual incident itself, The constant media attention, the threat of the powerful politician trying to save his son ( I shouldn’t give my verdict before court but…) would have created a miserable life for her.
Mr. Minister you said you are confident of the Law, where is the law when the victim is treated like a culprit with all the psychological tools employed to destruct her self belief.

It said that “ athiti devo bhava” that is guest are God they should be treated like God. Look round us; are we treating our guests like God or some criminals?
I pray for the well being of the German tourist and many such innocent sisters who were destroyed by these two legged animals. Let’s support them by all the means we can. Surely the democracy is more powerful than the money or politics. Let us show them our power of unity.

The mantra –  protest, protest  & protest.

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Honor killing no honor at all

Its a fashion now – Honor killings but what sense of honor is achieved by these murders? Every other day we hear about many such glorified deaths.The perpetrators unpunished

Honor crimes are not specific to any religion, nor are they limited to any one region of the world. Fathers, brothers, uncles, relatives, community everybody kills for one reason or other. Some justifying tradition , sect, religion. Are they glorifying it or destroying the very fabric of its survival ? They don’t know and of course the dead will never know about it. Who is to blame ?

Reports submitted to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights show that honor killings have occurred in Bangladesh, Great Britain, Brazil, Ecuador, Egypt, India, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Pakistan, Morocco, Sweden, Turkey, and Uganda. In countries not submitting reports to the UN, the practice was condoned under the rule of the fundamentalist Taliban government in Afghanistan, and has been reported in Iraq and Iran.

In Jordan, if a woman seeks protection from the police because she fears that her family wants to kill her, she will be held in indefinite detention in a local prison. It is important to note that once a woman has sought protection from the government and has been placed in prison, she is prohibited according to the government’s policy from leaving the prison even though she has committed no crime. Ironically, women can only be released into the custody of a family member — perhaps the very persons trying to kill them. If these women are killed, they are buried in unmarked graves and their very existence denied.

The noble values of dignity and seniority are neglected. Instead, the only focus is on the woman’s body and her virginity. According to this definition, the woman is an object owned by the man who assumes responsibility for her behavior and her life. The social traditions lead to the isolation of the woman in her home. She is required to cover her entire body in order to maintain the honor of the man. A decent honorable man has to have a decent honorable woman. The major factor in this theory is the body of the woman that is capable of bringing new members for the family, so that it can extend and live longer. Thus, the woman’s body is the private property of her husband. By maintaining and protecting it, there will be no confusion between families in the community. The family, and men in particular, have the responsibility to defend the honor of ‘their’ woman. (Al-Turki and Zuraiq, 1995, Page 104)

Honor crimes are a clear violation of women’s human rights and states are bound to protect women from such violations. Nonetheless, in many countries, honor crimes are either condoned through government inaction or defended as legitimate cultural practices

Links

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To US President  George Bush and UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon

As many as 400,000 people have been killed in Darfur. Another 2.5 million have been driven from their homes and into danger. The threat of rape, torture, murder and malnutrition pursue the women and children of Darfur wherever they flee. World leaders must unite now to end the genocide and establish a lasting peace in Darfur.

I therefore ask you to:

1. Make ending the crisis in Darfur one of your top priorities;

2. Push for the fastest possible deployment of the hybrid U.N.-A.U. peacekeeping force authorized by the U.N. Security Council in July 2007;

3. Pressure contributing nations to fully and immediately meet their pledges of troops, funding, equipment, and logistical support;

4. Work to ensure the Sudanese government’s full participation in a just and inclusive peace process, and to overcome any attempts to obstruct or delay the protection of civilians or the peace process;

5. Increase humanitarian aid and ensure access for its safe delivery.

Thank you for your leadership on this urgent matter.

http://action.savedarfur.org/campaign/savedarfurcoalition

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Well this was a news item which i could stop my self from posting … no comments required. Its a real horror

Issue not debated in Senate in deference to “tribal traditions”


Five women from Umrani tribe in Balochistan were shot at and later buried alive

Though incident took place on July 14, case registered only on Monday


ISLAMABAD: Following a national outcry, the government scrambled on Monday to arrest four people suspected of involvement in burying five women alive in Balochistan and exhumed two bodies for investigations.

The Senate, Parliament’s Upper House, thoroughly embarrassed by two of its veteran members, who last week put up a staunch defence of the “honour killings” as a “tribal tradition,” also sought to make amends.

The House had a lengthy discussion on the issue and passed a resolution condemning the burial, demanding that those who behind the crime should be tried and punished.

The five women belonged to the Umrani tribe. Among them, three were teenagers who wanted to marry men of their choice. The two other women were the mother of one girl and an aunt, who supported the decision of the girls.

According to a report by the Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC), the women were abducted by a group of men belonging to the Umrani tribe and taken to a remote spot in Jaferabad in eastern Balochistan.

There, the men first sprayed bullets at the teenagers, and while they were still breathing, are reported to have pushed their bodies into a ditch and started throwing mud and stones at them. When the two older women protested, they were pushed into the ditch too and buried with the others.

Though the incident happened on July 14, a case was registered only on Monday morning. The AHRC and newspaper reports alleged the police did not take note of the killings because the brother of a provincial Minister, a member of the ruling Pakistan People’s Party (PPP), was involved.

  1. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/five-women-beaten-and-buried-alive-in-pakistan-honour-killing-915714.html
  2. http://www.hindu.com/2008/09/02/stories/2008090260641400.htm
  3. http://infidelsarecool.com/2008/09/01/pakistan-honor-killing-3-teenagers-buried-alive-for-attempting-to-choose-their-own-husbands/

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I was proud of India army with its discipline and moral behaviors. But recently there were allegations against them in Congo. (The United Nations has accused the Indian Army troops of sexual exploitation, including child abuse, while on peacekeeping duty in Congo. http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/14/stories/2008081459661200.htm) Then I heard about the some more dark side of the war which I have heard many times but didn’t notice much. The dark story was always in dark waiting for the world to accept the brutality of war and its consequences.

The world is at war everyday. The number games of dead, wounded or seriously injured is familiar to us. In this epic story of hide and seek, victory and defeat, life and death there are many hidden plots and tactics which never surfaces. The most successful and brutal of these is mass rape, the mass humiliation of human race. No body notices these state (not only state all the parties in a war) sponsored terror. If we look at the history of all the aggression we can find many such untold grime stories of death and shame.

The biggest mass attack on the women’s dignity which I knew was that of Pakistan’s army in 1971. When they raped around 2,00,000 Bangladeshi (East Pakistan at that time) women. But then it still repeated in Congo, Sudan, Bosnia and all those known and unknown places in much larger scale.

Gita Sahgal, of Amnesty International – “Rape is often used in ethnic conflicts as a way for attackers to perpetuate their social control and redraw ethnic boundaries””Women are seen as the reproducers and carers of the community,” she said. “Therefore if one group wants to control another they often do it by impregnating women of the other community because they see it as a way of destroying the opposing community.”

The same tactic was used in a “very strategic attack” by state-backed Pakistani troops during the fight for Bangladesh‘s independence in 1971, Ms Sahgal said.

“They were saying ‘we will make you breed Punjabi children’,” she said, with the aim of weakening the integrity of the opposing ethnic group.

History

The Hebrew Scriptures describes the rape of the women of conquered tribes as a routine act. Foreign woman were often kidnapped as spoils of war, and forced to marry their captors/rapists. This was probably typical behavior in the Middle East during that era. In ancient times, rape was considered to be a crime against the victim’s father or spouse — whoever owned her. “The ancient Greeks and Romans would rape and enslave women after they had conquered a city.”

In Nanjing, China, during 1937 & 1938, Japanese soldiers were responsible for massive levels of rape among the local Chinese population. There were “over 20,000 rape victims…when the soldiers themselves were not raping the Chinese women, they took great pleasure in forcing fathers to rape their daughters and sons to rape their mothers.

Millions of women victims raped by Russian soldiers during the last months of World War II. Anthony Beevor’s book “Berlin — The Downfall 1945” documents rape by Russian soldiers. “Beevor’s conclusions are that in response to the vast scale of casualties inflicted on them by the Germans the Soviets responded in kind, and that included rape on a vast scale. It started as soon as the Red Army entered East Prussia and Silesia in 1944, and in many towns and villages every female aged from 10 to 80 was raped.

Random rape by soldiers during wartime has been a common phenomenon, particularly when there has been a lack of army discipline. “From [recent] conflicts in Bosnia and Herzegovina to Peru to Rwanda, girls and women have been singled out for rape, imprisonment, torture and execution. Rape, identified by psychologists as the most intrusive of traumatic events, has been documented in many armed conflicts including those in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Cyprus, Haiti, Liberia, Somalia and Uganda.

Author Maria B. Olujic – “Rape was a weapon of terror as the German Hun marched through Belgium in World War I; gang rape was part of the orchestrated riots of Kristallnacht which marked the beginning of Nazi campaigns against the Jews. It was a weapon of revenge as the Russian Army marched to Berlin in World War II, it was used when the Japanese raped Chinese women in the city of Nanking, when the Pakistani Army battled Bangladesh, and when the American G.I.s made rape in Vietnam a ‘standard operating procedure aimed at terrorizing the population into submission’.”

I can’t write much more about these. This is a real horror much bigger than the holocaust or anything heard of till now. This is the worst punishment. And this is happening almost everyday. We the “cultured” human society are not doing anything to prevent this? Animals are far better than us.

Hey warlords, please spare our sisters and mothers. Fight with dignity like real men.

LINKS:

  1. The Greatest Mass Rape in History: http://209.85.175.104/search?q=cache:oRzuO9ARMccJ:library.flawlesslogic.com/massrape.htm&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=in&client=firefox-a
  2. U.N.: Brutality against women in Congo ‘beyond rape’: http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/africa/07/30/congo.rape.reut/index.html
  3. Japan‘s Mass Rape and Sexual Enslavement of Women and Girls: http://www.cmht.com/cases_cwcomfort2.php
  4. “Not Women Anymore…” The Congo’s rape survivors face pain, shame and AIDS http://www.msmagazine.com/spring2005/congo.asp
  5. The silent story of Bosnia: http://www.haverford.edu/relg/sells/rape/rape.html
  6. Democratic Republic of Congo: Mass rape – time for remedies: http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/AFR62/018/2004/en/dom-AFR620182004en.html
  7. Human Rights Watch/Africa : SHATTERED LIVES:Sexual Violence during the Rwandan Genocide and its Aftermath http://www.hrw.org/reports/1996/Rwanda.htm
  8. News from Washington Coalition for Comfort Women Issues, Inc.,” at: http://witness.peacenet.or.kr/e_comfort/newsletter/wccw.htm
  9. Heather A. Blackburn and Stacey M. Thomas, “Rape Warfare,” 1998-FEB-25, at: http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/Research/
  10. Sexual violence as a weapon of war,” UNICEF, at: http://www.unicef.org/sowc96pk/sexviol.htm
  11. Maria B. Olujic, “Women, Rape, and War: The Continued Trauma of Refugees and Displaced Persons in Croatia,” Anthropology of East Europe Review, Volume 13, No. 1 Spring, 1995; Special Issue: Refugee Women of the Balkans
  12. Nanjing Massacre: A Retrospective,” at: http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ccba/
  13. John Baird, “Rape of Nanking: Remembering the horrors of World War II,” at: http://www.wpi.edu/News/TechNews/article.php?id=210
  14. Peter Almond, “Feature: Book on WW II rapes upsets Russia,” at: http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/6043-11.cfm
  15. Anthony Beevor, “Berlin — The Downfall 1945,” Viking, 2002.
  16. Dahlia Gilboa, “Mass Rape: War on Women,” at: http://www.scrippscol.edu/~home/
  17. Valerie Oosterveld, “When women are the spoils of war,” UNESCO, at: http://www.unesco.org/courier/1998_08/uk/ethique/txt1.htm
  18. “International Law Relating to Rape in Armed Conflict,” http://www.alliancesforafrica.org/
  19. Rape in Times of Conflict and War: A resolution from the General Board of Global Ministries approved by the 1996 General Conference of The United Methodist Church,” at: http://gbgm-umc.org/mission/resolutions/rapewar.html
  20. From: Stefan Blaschke, “History of Rape: A Bibliography,” at: http://www.geocities.com/history_guide/horb/horb-t08.html

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